On 25 November 2021, the European Commission has published its comprehensive legislative proposal package to reinforce democracy and protect the integrity of elections. The package comprises a new draft proposal on a new regulation on the transparency and targeting of political advertising and three amendment proposals: one of those on European political parties and two on electoral rights of EU citizens. The package had been prescheduled by the European Democracy Action Plan (2.1. and 2.2.) for year 2021. Continue reading


Over the past five years, Facebook has exploded as a site for political advertising and election campaigning. Donald Trump, Jeremy Corbyn and Angela Merkel have all used it to promote their ideas. Yet despite the increasing prominence of Facebook, we currently know very little about how much political parties actually spend on the platform. 



